1 High reliability of the system In 1985, Japanese FANUC Corporation developed the FANUC 0 system (hereinafter referred to as FS-0). To date, approximately 330,000 units have been sold worldwide, making it one of the world's best-selling numerical control systems. . Why FS-0 is so favored by users? The main reason is that it has high reliability. The numerical control machine tool is controlled by the numerical control system. The numerical control machine tool should be able to be added continuously for a long time. Its numerical control system must be able to operate continuously for a long time without failure. To ensure long-term reliable operation of the machine tool, the numerical control system must have the ability to resist harsh environments. The numerical control system is different from home appliances. It is a means of production, not consumption data, and it must withstand the tests of various industrial environments. The high reliability of the CNC system is also a requirement of the user, especially in the CNC system used in the modern production line, so the reliability of the CNC system is very important. Reliability The most comprehensive representation of quality, technology and management in the R&D, design and manufacturing chain of CNC system products. When FANUC designed FS-0, reliability was considered as one of the most important design goals. FS-0 can work in a general workshop. Ambient temperature is 0 ~ 45 °C, relative humidity 75%, up to 95% in a short time, anti-vibration capability is 0.5g, the grid voltage fluctuation is -15% to 10%, and its failure rate is 0.008 times / month · Taiwan, This is equivalent to an average failure time of 100kh. Coupled with a wealth of features, it is favored by users. The high reliability of the FS-0 system is mainly due to: Strict component selection and manufacturing process; The use of a large number of dedicated integrated circuits; The accumulation of FS-5, 7, 6 and other systems software experience, design a good control software: The development of new AC digital servo and spindle drive system; Fully automatic manufacturing, reducing human participation, greatly improving the reliability of the system.
Figure 1 FS-0 system hardware touch block block diagram
2 Hardware Structure The FS-0 hardware is a modular structure. The basic configuration is the main board, memory board, I/O board, servo axis control board and power supply. In addition, there are graphic control board, remote buffer board, PMC-M board for selection, as shown in Figure 1. The main CPU for mainboard control is installed on the mainboard. The original CPU used 80386; changed to 80486/DX2 in 1998. In addition, the display CRT control circuit is also mounted on the main board. On the memory board, system control software ROM (5 pieces in total); servo control software ROM (1 piece); PMC-L ROM (2 pieces) for controlling machine power; intermediate calculation data RAM; MOS RAM for part program. I/O board This board is the interface between the CNC unit and the machine power. Servo axis control board servo control adopts AC servo device. There are 2 DSPs (TMS320) on the board for servo control of each DSP to control two axes, so a servo board can control up to 4 axes. The power board includes two types of +5V and +24V power supplies. Table 1 Application Models Machining Centers, Drilling Machines, Milling Machines 0-MC Lathes, Automatic Lathes 0-TC One Spindle Double Tool Holders, Two Spindle Double Tool Holders, Four Axis Lathes 0-TTC Internal and External Cylindrical Grinder 0-GCG Surface Grinder 0-GSC rotary head punch 0-PC Table 2 Minimum input increment Maximum cutting speed Rapid moving speed 1μm 100m/min 100m/min 0.1μm 12m/min 24m/min 3 Full-featured CNC system and system features FS-0C system It is a fully functional CNC system. The basic data of FS-0C is as follows: It can be used for various machine tools and production machinery, as shown in Table 1. The maximum number of axes that can be controlled: 6 axes. The maximum number of linkage axes that can be controlled: 4 axes. The minimum input increment is shown in Table 2. The system structure and function are characterized by: High reliability hardware: due to the use of dedicated LSI chips and special surface mounting technology, the control device size is reduced. Increased reliability. High-efficiency machining: Due to the use of high-speed microprocessors. Enhanced PMC processing capabilities. Interfaces to the CNC have developed high-speed M, S, and T interfaces to further shorten the execution time. In addition, the control of the coordinate axes can also be realized by the PMC. High-precision machining: For screw pitch error and other mechanical errors in the drive chain, it can be compensated by stored pitch error compensation. When machining corner contours, the feedrate can be automatically multiplied. In addition to this, the system has other functions to improve the machining accuracy. High-speed machining: High-speed continuous cutting is achieved due to the multi-CPU mode for distributed processing. High-precision digital servo system: High-speed, high-precision servo control is realized due to the use of high-resolution position detectors, high-speed microprocessors, and software servo control functions. Abundant control functions: unique control functions such as tool life management, polar coordinate interpolation, cylindrical interpolation, polygon processing, etc. And a dedicated custom user macro program is provided so that some special machining can be easily realized. Powerful communication function: In addition to the original serial interface (RS232C), a high-speed serial transmission with remote buffering is added, enabling high-speed DNC operation from ltrI.
Figure 2 Popularization of FS-0 System
4 Popularization of FS-0 System The full-featured FS-0 system is FS-0C. However, sometimes the user's machine does not need so many functions, but it is very reassuring to the reliability of the FS-0. Therefore, in order to better meet the needs of users, FANUC has also maintained the reliability of the FS-0 system on the basis of FS-0. Through popularization and integration, FANUC has developed a popular FS-0D. As shown in Figure 2, it is divided into two software function packages to meet the needs of different grades of machine tools. Since FS-0 is a popular integration, the system can be adapted to end users at all levels. FS-0TD can control up to 4 axes and link up to 4 axes. It is suitable for all types of CNC lathes. FS-0MD can control up to 4 axes and link up to 4 axes. It is suitable for machining centers and various milling machines. Because of its good reliability, performance, and reasonable price, it is very popular with users. The application of the high-reliability and popular FS-0D series is shown in Table 3. Table 3 Application Model Lathe FS-0TD Milling Machine and Small-scale Machining Center FS-0MD Cylindrical Grinding Machine FS-0GCD Surface Grinding Machine FS-0GSD Punching Machine FS-0PD 5 Different-grade AC Servo Motor FS-0 System Full-function Motor Basic Configuration a Series of servo and spindle motors. While popularizing the CNC system, FANUC has also launched the economical ac series, b series AC servo motor and ac series AC spindle motor in order to better meet the needs of popular CNC machine tools. The servo motor uses an AC synchronous motor, and the spindle motor is an asynchronous motor. These motors are based on the International Standard (IEC-1). Well-sealed (servo motors meet IP55, spindle motors IP54), high performance pulse encoders are used. The feed servo unit uses DSP control. The servo board outputs control instructions to the power amplifier. The power amplifier has a modular structure and is divided into a rectifier module and an inverter module. Using IPM components, wiring and assembly are convenient. FS-0 can control two spindle motors at the same time. Both motors can be all digital. Digital vector control can also be used for a digital and an analog spindle drive. There are two spindle control modes: speed control and position control. Spindle control uses separate CU control. The control command output from the CNC unit is sent to the control unit of the spindle with a cable and the data is transmitted serially. Therefore, the reliability is high. 6 Convenient maintenance function Sets and adjusts servo parameters and spindle parameters through the system's CRT. The system has a machining program error display. When the system fails, it can be displayed. Ladder diagrams can be displayed in the CRT to facilitate the user's diagnosis of the tuning and I/O signals.
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