Spiral bevel gears and hypoid gear gear grinding machines are essential equipment for machining precision gears. China has imported 10 sets, such as Zhongnan Machinery Factory, Nanjing Machine Tool Plant, Tianjin Machine Tool Plant, Chongqing Machine Tool Plant, Qinghai Gear Factory, etc.
The main disadvantages of mechanical spiral bevel gears and hypoid gear gear grinding machines are: 1. The machining method is wrong, and only the large wheels that are processed by the forming method and the small wheels that are processed by the rolling cut are processed. 2. Low efficiency, high cost, poor mechanical grinding rigidity, more than 15 cycles, more than 2 hours to grind a gear, long time. It can only be used in industries with special requirements such as aviation, precision machine tools, etc., and the axles of automobile axles are large and cannot be used. Tianjin Machine Tool Works has mapped and imitated two No.463, No137 grinding machines, the effect is not satisfactory, and has not been recognized by the market.
1 CNC gear grinding machine introduction The knife tilting half-expanding method is an effective method for processing spiral bevel gears and hypoid gears. The spiral bevel gear and the hypoid gear gear CNC gear grinding machine is a new machine tool, which realizes all the movements required for gear machining with six-axis numerical control. This paper examines how to reproduce and improve traditional machining methods on this high-tech machine tool.
Including 6 linkage coordinates, using 7-axis CNC: a) horizontal linear motion of the cutter axis xb) vertical linear motion of the cutter axis yc) rotary motion of the workpiece spindle d) rotary motion of the cutter spindle Ce) straight line of the workpiece axis Movement zf) Cone angle of the workpiece spindle g) The diamond wheel is not shown at the top of the workpiece box.
Thereby, the cradle, the eccentric mechanism, the knife inclination angle, and the like are eliminated, and the structure is greatly simplified. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, good rigidity, no transmission chain, high precision, program control, good flexibility, convenient adjustment and high efficiency. It is very convenient to control the grinding wheel profile with the machine tool action. It can not only grind the general cone, but also grind it into TOPREM and BLANKREM to dig and cut the top. It can also modify the grinding wheel into a circular arc or other required shape, which provides great convenience for tooth surface modification. When machining with the toolless inclination method, the fixed value, the center of the cutter head in the xy plane, the arc path can realize the ordinary grinding machine processing. How does the knife tilting method reproduce on this kind of machine tool? Because there is no knife tilting function on the new machine tool, the machining motion of the knife tilting method is realized by the multi-coordinate linkage of numerical control. After painstaking research and in-depth analysis, this paper finds a very simple calculation method.
When the machine tool is adjusted by the knife-dip method, the geometrical meaning of the machine adjustment parameters is: the center of the cutter head O0 (the intersection of the cutter curve a and the tool tip plane) is perpendicular to the axis b of the production wheel. The plane is the machine plane; the intersection OM with b is the machine center, the plane parallel to OM and a and b is the machine level, the OMO0 is the radial position S, the angle between OMO0 and the horizontal plane Q0 is the angular position. . The angle between the axes a and b is the basic tool angle. The position of the cutter head relative to the production wheel is determined by the above four parameters. The mounting position of the workpiece is determined by the wheel blank mounting angle m, the vertical wheel position E and the axial wheel position X, and the like. It can be obtained from the theory of meshing and related literature, so it will not be described.
3In the NC gear grinding machine, since the gear blank and the grinding wheel are both rotary surfaces, it is necessary to realize the knife tilting processing on the CNC gear grinding machine. Firstly, the relative position of the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis at any instant is consistent with the original motion. . Four conditions must be met. The two axes have the same angle of intersection and the distance between the two axes is the same. One characteristic point on the two axes (may be taken separately from the cone top of the workpiece and the intersection of the grinding wheel axis and the top plane of the grinding wheel) to the foot. These four quantities are coordinate invariants, that is, independent of coordinate system selection.
Therefore, the appropriate coordinate system can be selected on the two types of machine tools to describe the four quantities and make them equal. On the original machine tool, take the cradle center OM as the origin to establish a coordinate system.
As shown in this coordinate system, the gear cone vertex O1 coordinate x1=Ey1=-xcosmz1=-xsinm(1) gear axis vector b=(0,cosm,sinm)=(p1,q1,r1)(2) cutter center O0 coordinate x0=Ssin(Q0 Q)y0=Ssin(Q0 Q)z0=0(3) Cutter axis vector a=sincon(Q0 Q ),sinsin(Q0 Q ,cos)(4)=(p0,q0, R0) the angle between the two axes ab=cosmsincos(q q0 ) The length of the vertical line in the two axes of sinmcos e=x1-x0y1-y0z1-z0p0p1r0p1q1r1p0q0p1q12 q0r0q1r12 r0p0r1p12(6) is the distance d1 from the point O1 to the midfoot, over a and The vertical line is a plane, and the plane normal vector (A1, B1, C1) = (ab) a (7) plane equation A1 (x x0) B1 (y-y0) C1 (z-z0) = 0 (8) and b The coordinates of the intersection point are set as: x=x1 p1ty=y1 q1tz=z1 r1t(9) Substituting equation (8) to obtain t1=A1(x0-x1) B1(y0-y1) C1(z0-z1)A1p1 B1q1 C1r1d1= (x-x1)2 (y-y1)2 (z-z1)2(10)=p21 q21 r21t1=t1 Similarly, the distance from O0 to the foot is d0=t0A0(x1-x0) B0(y1-y0 C0(z1-z0)A0p0 B0q0 C0r0(11) where (A0,B0,C0)=(ba)b is set on the helical bevel gear CNC gear grinding machine, with the workpiece axis and The intersection point of the axis of the rotary seat is G, and the machine tool at this point can be regarded as stationary. Therefore, the coordinate system should be established with G as the origin, and the xGy plane is parallel to the plane of the cutter head, which is the most convenient for describing the movement of the machine tool. In this coordinate system, a=kb=cosi sink(12)ab=sin should be equal to (5). Ab=abcosmsincos(Q Q0 u) sinmcos=sin The developing countries also follow the development. At present, the world's machine tool production is about 1 million units, including 200,000 NC machine tools, accounting for about 20. Other types of machine tools, such as manual, mobile, digital display, program control, special, etc., are suitable for different production scales and technical levels. Users, not in isolation, one-sided, blindly pursue the more advanced the better. It is the most scientific to optimize the process, optimize the equipment, and complement each other to improve quality, efficient production and reduce costs. In the development of the world's industry, it is necessary to update old and backward equipment, and also require targeted addition of new advanced single machines and manufacturing systems, and continuously improve the accuracy, efficiency, and automation level to improve labor productivity, reduce costs, and meet market demand. Improve the competitiveness of enterprises. In the future, especially in the automotive, aerospace and machinery industries, it is the development of three carriages for the industry, requiring more and more various types of novel NC machine tools. But the requirements are different. Automobiles are mass-produced, and aluminum materials are increasing to reduce the weight of automobiles. The demand is high-speed, high-efficiency, heavy-duty cutting, high productivity, and moderately flexible NC machine tools. Aviation is a single-piece, small-batch production, special materials, complex parts, and many curved parts. It requires high-precision, multi-coordinate, curved surface machining, high-speed, high-efficiency, high-performance NC machine tools. The machinery industry has many types, wide varieties, different sizes, and large quantities. It requires various NC machine tools with low, medium and high-grade, various types and large quantities. Therefore, in the new era of the 21st century, how to develop different types of high-quality and marketable advanced NC machine tools for different market needs will bring the world machine tool industry into a new period of competition.
For example, Japan surveyed 55 automotive companies in 2003 for their demand for NC machine tools: 70.3 for low-cost car development, 64.8 for high productivity, and 57 for short delivery.
4, 44.4 provincial energy saving, 40.7, which can improve product accuracy, 38.9 with compounding function, 35.2, which can save adjustment and management, and so on. This shows that the automotive industry's demand for NC machine tools is in short. In the new situation of the global economic recovery, the world machine tool industry will enter a new round of competition. Who can effectively solve the six aspects of talent, scientific research, innovation, quality, cooperation, and credibility, solve the six major points of quality, performance, specifications, price, delivery, and service, thoroughly analyze market demand, and highly satisfy customers. Who can win the x0, y0, z0 cutter axis equation in the fierce competition: x-x0=y-y0=z-z01(14) ie (p0,q0,r0)=(0,0,1) Workpiece cone top coordinate x1=GO1cos(15)y1=0z1=GO1sin(16)(p1,q1,r1)=(cos,0,sin)(17)Workpiece axis equation x-x1cos=y-y10=z-z1sin (18) Similarly, according to the above equations (6), (10), (11), the corresponding e, t0, and t1 can be obtained. The coordinate invariants expressed in the two coordinate systems should be the same.
e=et0=t0t1=t1(19) Give a series of Qs, which represent the machining position on the original machine tool. From (13), find the x9, y0, and z0 by (19). The corresponding position of the upper cutter head. Finally, the corresponding rotation angle of the workpiece is determined by the roll ratio motion Q=zp.
4 Conclusion In the 1970s, China's gear industry once set off a large-scale interpretation of the Gleason spiral bevel gear processing method, which played a major role in promoting the progress of China's gear processing technology. Now, the interpretation of Gleason spiral bevel gear NC machining method is equally significant. The National Natural Science Foundation has included the spiral bevel gear NC machining method in the research project, and the development of China's own spiral bevel gear CNC gear grinding machine has been put on the agenda. This article is just a role in the introduction of jade.

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