Burners and boilers in refineries and petrochemical plants in the petrochemical industry burn combustion exhaust gas; production plants generate excess gas such as non-condensable gas, bleed gas, and by-products generated in the reaction; light oil products, volatile chemicals, and Volatilization and leakage of solvent during storage and transportation; odor and toxic gases emitted during the treatment and transportation of waste water and waste; and emission and volatilization of volatiles and leakage during the reproduction of raw materials and products from petrochemical plants are emissions of petrochemical industry The main source.
The petrochemical waste gas can be divided into petroleum refining waste gas, petrochemical waste gas, synthetic fiber waste gas and petrochemical fertilizer waste gas according to the production industry. The emissions of the four major production industries can be divided into: combustion fumes, production process exhaust gas, flare exhaust gas, and fugitive emissions.
1, combustion smoke pollution
The emission of flue gas from petrochemical plants accounts for about 60% of the total emissions. Most petrochemical furnaces use vacuum residue as fuel. The combustion produces exhaust gas containing sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and dust. After dust removal, the sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are not treated, and high-altitude emissions are generally used.
2, process exhaust pollution
The scale of production facilities in petrochemical enterprises is large, so the industrial waste gas emissions are large. The scope of pollutants diffusion is relatively large. Although emissions from high altitudes, environmental pollution is still serious.
3, torch exhaust pollution
The torch is an essential safety and environmental protection facility for petrochemical production. The petrochemical production plant discharges the flammable gas after the flare, combustion, and abnormal operation. The amount of torch discharge is larger than that of the heating furnace, and it has a greater impact on the environment.
4, exhaust pollution
The industrial waste gas produced by petrochemicals is recovered and treated by industrial plants and discharged into the environment.
5 Unorganized exhaust gas pollution
The fugitive emissions of petrochemical enterprises mainly include two parts: one is the leakage of pipelines, pumps, and equipment in the production process; the harmful gases that are volatilized into the environment in the grade trenches; and the second is the storage and transportation of light petrochemical products. The petroleum product vapor evaporates into the environment polluting the air.
Process method selection
For solvent users and producers, of course, there is a need to find a suitable process that can purify the exhaust gas to the required value. First you must decide if you need to recycle the solvent. In this respect, economic considerations will be used as a basis to consider various factors such as the value of the solvent, the concentration of the solvent, the volumetric flow rate of the exhaust gas, the cost of the mixture that will occur under certain circumstances, and the like. For companies that only use toluene, and not only have a high concentration in the exhaust gas, but also a large amount of exhaust gas, making decisions is a simple matter. In this case, the cost of the recovery device can be quickly repaid. Although other suitable recovery processes such as condensation, absorption or membrane processes can be considered in principle, activated carbon adsorption has been considered the most economical and safest method in recent years.
If recycling is not economical, organic materials can be eliminated by oxidation. If the device is self-heating, ie it does not require additional fuel, it is particularly suitable for use with combustion methods. The effective thermal oxidation process has a higher operating temperature than the catalytic oxidation process and is insensitive to the so-called catalyst toxicity. In recent days, biological methods have become more and more important. By using some newly developed equipment, such as bio-drip filters that combine the advantages of biofilters and bio-scrubbers, an economical combustion scheme in the low concentration range can be achieved.
An important application area of ​​the solvent adsorption recovery method is the chemical, petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. The solvents used, such as benzene, benzene, gasoline, methylene chloride, and ethanol, are generally of great value and are of sufficiently high concentration that they can be recovered at a relatively low cost.
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