When the nuggets pass through the photodetection zone one by one, according to the difference of the reflectivity of the white quartz and the gray waste rock, the corresponding electronic circuit is converted into an electric signal, and the electromagnetic jet valve is activated to separate the white quartz and the gray waste rock.
(III) M16 laser photoelectric sorting machine M16 laser photoelectric sorting machine is a new type of photoelectric sorting machine developed by Ore Sotters in the 1970s. The machine adopts a new type of photoelectric system. And the electronic information processing machine, the sorting speed is fast, the processing amount is large, and the sorting precision is high.
A schematic diagram of the M16 laser photoelectric sorting machine is shown in Figure 13.
The feeding system consists of a silo, an electromagnetic vibration feeder, a chute, a stabilizer and a sorting belt. The accelerating roller mounted at the lower end of the chute cooperates with the stabilizer to synchronize the nugget slipping from the chute with the belt speed and pass through the scanning zone quickly and smoothly. The flat skin has a bandwidth of 800 mm and a belt speed of 4 m/s. The ore-feeding system can provide a single-layer and arbitrarily arranged fast and stable ore flow for the scanning device of the detection system to ensure high sorting accuracy. The schematic diagram of the ore supply system is shown in Figure 14. [next]
The detection system consists of a laser source, a rotating polygon mirror and a photomultiplier tube. See Figure 15 for a source of krypton laser with a wavelength of 632.8 × 10 -9 m. There are rotating mirror 20 mirrors, one on each side of the coating paste a thin metal sheet as a mirror, which is rotated at a speed of 6000 rev / min, 2000 times per scan. The main belt runs at a speed of 4 m/s and the laser beam is 2 mm wide, so the area per scan is 2 x 2 mm2. [next]
The laser beam is reflected by the rotating polygon mirror to the advancing ore. The partial beam reflected by the surface of the ore is returned to a mirror surface adjacent to the rotating mirror, and then reflected to the photomultiplier tube, converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the electronic information processing system. Thereby completing the photo-electric conversion process.
The electronic information processing system is a dedicated electronic information processor. The information processor can determine the particle size of the ore, the position of the ore on the belt and the surface optical properties of the ore according to the electrical signal transmitted by the photomultiplier tube, and compare the obtained optical characteristics with a given predetermined value to determine each The choice of ore. The information processor also monitors the speed of the main belt. When the information processor determines that a certain ore is the required ore, that is, when the ore reaches the nozzle, an electrical signal is sent, and the corresponding one or several electromagnetic valves are activated to blow the ore away from the normal motion trajectory. [next]
The electronic information processor can identify the ore according to the "bright" and "dark" of the ore. As long as there is a "bright spot" or "dark spot" on the ore exceeding a given predetermined value, the ore and the waste rock can be separated, or The "light and dark" area of ​​the ore is used to distinguish the ore, that is, when the "bright spot" area or the "dark spot" area on the ore reaches or exceeds a given area value, the ore and the waste rock can be separated.
In front of 500 mm from the scanning device, an exhaust valve block (40 or 80 nozzles) is mounted along the 800 mm wide belt, the number of valves being determined by the selected ore particle size. The electronic information processor controls the activation of one or several gas valves depending on the size and characteristics of the ore. The operating frequency of the valve can reach 300 times/second, which guarantees high sorting accuracy.
Five, radioactive sorting machine
(1) Belt-type radioactive sorting machine Most of the radioactive sorting machines produced in the early days of the country are belt-type, and their structures are basically the same. See Figure 16 for the main machine as a belt conveyor 1 and a radioactive detector 2 under the belt. Lead shield 3, after the nugget 4 runs to the detection zone, the detector sends the γ-ray activity signal to the information processing instrument 5, and if the ray activity of the nugget is higher than a predetermined level, the instrument makes the baffle 6 Deflection, the ore falls into the concentrate tank, otherwise the baffle does not move and the nugget falls into the tailings trough.
This kind of sorting machine is based on the total radioactivity of uranium (radiide) in the ore . There is no weight device for measuring the nugget. Therefore, the weight of the selected nuggets is similar. Therefore, the ore should be sieved and classified, and the sieve ratio should be about 1.5. ~25mm ore can be screened into 4~5 levels. [next]
Due to the different ore size, belt running speed, belt width and number of channels, the processing capacity of the sorting machine can be 2~15 tons/hour.
The mechanical, instrumentation and actuators of this type of machine are simple, so the cost is low and the maintenance is convenient, but the processing volume is small and the sensitivity is low. For mines with small production volumes, there is still practical significance.
(II) Type 201 radioactive sorting machine The 201 type radioactive sorting machine is a sorting machine selected by grade in China in the 1960s, as shown in Figure 17.
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The sorting process of the sorting machine is that the 250~50 mm ore after coarse crushing and sieving first enters the silo 1, and under the action of the silo vibrator 2, the ore enters the flat vibrating feeder 3 The end of the bottom plate of the feeder is toothed to screen the crushed ore. Then the ore falls into the V-shaped vibration groove 4. When the ore nugget 5 leaves the V-shaped groove, it is subjected to the horizontal velocity (0.5 m/s) of the V-shaped groove and the acceleration of gravity, and falls freely along the parabolic trajectory to enter the lead shielding. The detection area within 6. The size of the nugget is first detected in the detection zone. In the upper part of the detection area, there are two sets of photodetectors 7, 8 which are perpendicular to each other in the same plane. When the nugget passes through the light source, the photocell on the opposite side outputs a signal proportional to the light blocking area and duration of the nugget. When the nugget continues to fall into the radioactive detection zone, the flashing detector 9 outputs a signal proportional to the radioactivity of the nugget (the uranium content in the nugget). The two signals are sent to the information processing device, and compared with the given value, the duration of the opening and opening of the jet valve 10 is determined. The nugget blown by the compressed air falls into the funnel 11, and the remaining ore falls into the funnel according to the free fall trajectory. 12, thereby obtaining two products of concentrate and tailings.
(III) M17 type radioactive sorting machine M17 type radioactive sorting machine was successfully developed by RTZ ore sorting machine company in the late 1970s. It is characterized by multi-probe relay type measuring radioactivity, which can be processed in the sorting machine. Increasing the measurement time of the ore without increasing the accuracy of the ore, and the device for performing the sorting can start the corresponding electromagnetic valve according to the size and position of the nugget and control the duration of the blowing, which can greatly reduce the compressed air. The consumption, the selection machine has several channels, so that the processing volume is multiplied, and the application information processor implements multiple control tasks to improve the sorting quality of the sorting machine.
The RM-type radioactive sorting machine that appeared two years after the successful development of the M17 radioactive sorting machine is basically the same as the M17 type in terms of structural properties, and will not be described. Figure 18 is a schematic view of the M17 type radioactive sorting machine. [next]
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